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at it can provide this thesis with a better literature support and help theauthor of this thesis find the research gap.

2.1 Research on Nabokov
Vladimir Nabokov is one of the most famous writers after the WWII, occupyinga great place in American literature and the history of world literature. In 1955, withthe publication of his masterpiece — Lolita, he owed a worldwide fame. Since then,the scholarly articles about him appeared intensively. The studies on Nabokov are ofthree major aspects: form, theme and context. And the studies on short story have seensome advances in the critical works of critics home and abroad. With the publicationof the collected stories The Spring of Fialta and early Russian novels in 1960s,Nabokov’s short stories attracted academic scholars’ attention. The centralizedresearch of western critics on Nabokov’s short stories was in the year from 1980sto1990s, along with the publication of Nabokov’s Collected Stories edited by DmitriNabokov. These achievements can be categorized into three kinds: themes, narrativetheory and butterfly analysis.Firstly, in western critical field, the various themes of Nabokov’s short storyattract many attentions from academic field, which can be divided into memory andémigré, love,adultery, madness, self and other, etc. Although these themes have acrucial place in Nabokov’s whole works, they can’t independent Nabokov from othercontemporary émigré writers. Secondly, there are some scholars interested in thenarrative techniques of Nabokov’s short stories. For example, Pekka Tammi’s famousbook Problems of Nabokov’s Poetics: A Narratological Analysis which was publishedin 1985 and provided a detailed analysis on narrative devices for Nabokov’s wholeworks, including novels, memoir, drama and short stories both in English and Russian(20). However, this book relied too much on the literary devices themselves whileignoring in separating Nabokov from other common writers through these devices.Different from Tammi’s research, this thesis pays special attention to the formalisticdevices used in Nabokov’s short stories. Thirdly, the times of the “butterfly” imageappearing in his works is enough to attract certain attention. Therefore, some criticsbegan to do researches based on this phenomenon. Charles Nicol and GennadyBarabtarlo’s A Small Alpine Form: Studies in Nabokov’s Short Fiction is an example.The purpose of this book is to explain that the image “butterfly” is not only thefootnote of Nabokov’s novels, but also a place to stand in the best short stories aroundthe world (15).
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2.2 Research on Eliot
As a leading figure of Modernism, Eliot has exerted a crucial influence on themodern poetry both at home and overseas. The research achievements on Eliot arequite abundant in academic field. In western academic field, the appearance of Eliotand his several poems in 1920s shocked the world and couldn’t be understood bypeople at that time. Therefore, the earliest researches mainly are critical articles aboutEliot. Basically, each time his new poem was published, both his works and Eliothimself were booed by critics. From 1920s to 1930s, Eliot published a series of essays,which contain many of his critical viewpoints and poetical thoughts. People gradually get to know what he was thinking and thus have a better understanding about him.During this period, Eliot’s critical viewpoint contributed a lot to the development ofNew Criticism.Researc