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ry that applies the notion of Skopos to translation “Skopostheorie”. He thinks that the prime principle determining any translation process is the purpose or Skopos of the overall translational action. This fits in with intentionality being part of the very definition of any action.
Hans J. Vermeer is regarded as its founder. In his book Framework for a General Translation Theory(1978), Vermeer thinks that the purpose that translation intending to realize decides translational methods and strategies. It is a general rule. Human action, including translation, is subject to purposes.
2. 3. 1 Core
It is not the ST, nor the influence of the ST upon the acceptor, nor the function of the ST granted by the author, but the expected function or purpose decided by the sponsor or the client that matters. The purpose or function of the whole translation action is the most important factor determining a translation process. That is the core of Skopostheorie. The purpose of translation is subject to the user of TT, or the TT reader, and the sociocultural background to a large degree.
Skopos here usually refers to the Skopos of the TT. This theory highly values the TT, which has higher status than the ST. The function of the TT is not necessarily the same as that of the ST. The ST is no longer the first criterion for the translator’s decisions. This is an important feature of Skopostheorie. Meanwhile, the translator has much room to make the TT meet the Skopos.
The top rule for any translation is the Skopos rule, which says that a translational action is determined by its Skopos;that is, “the end justifies the means”, which highly generalizes the core of Skopostheorie. This rule is intended to solve the eternal dilemmas of free vs. faithful translation, dynamic vs. formal equivalence, good interpreters vs. slavish translators, and so on. It means that the Skopos of a particular translation task may require literal translation or paraphrase, or something between these two extremes, depending on the purpose for which the translation is needed. Certainly, it does not mean that a good translation should definitely conform or adapt to target-culture behavior or expectations, although the concept is often misunderstood in this way. It focuses on social and functional factors, not just the linguistic and formal equivalence.
2. 3. 2 Coherence
The other two principles regulated by Vermeer are intratextual coherence and interstitial coherence.
Intratextual coherence, or the coherence rule, means that the TT must have full coherence and accordance to make the TT reader understand it with his knowledge background in a particular context. The starting point of translation is the ST as part of the continuity in the world. Therefore, we should ensure that the TT is also part of the continuity so that it can be explained as part of the context for an acceptor.
Interstitial coherence, or the fidelity rule, is concerned with the coherence between the ST and the TT. Skopostheorie is TT-oriented and does not regard equivalence as the criterion. However, it does not exclude the possibility that fidelity is also a rational purpose. It is just opposed to viewing loyal, literal translation as the only right way.

III. Strategies for English Movie Title Translations
3. 1 From Theory to Practice
A movie title has three functions: the informative, the aesthetic and the i本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。