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3.常识

有的生词的含义可以通过上下文提供的信息,外加一定的常识即可推断出来。而且,该词在同一语篇中出现得越多,其意义就越容易被推断出来。例如:My parents went out and got a new TV. That after-noon anantennawas put on the roof. Later I asked her,“How did you know the TV was here?”“Theantenna. Now our house looks like everyoneelse’s.”(我父母出去买了一台新电视。那天下午一架天线被放在了屋顶上。后来我问她,“你怎么有电视机的呢?”“天线!现在我们家的房子看起来就像别人每家的房子了。”)从上下文提供的信息中,我们可以看出这样一种联系:有了电视机,屋顶上面就出现了antenna,有了antenna,“我们”的房子就和别人家一样了,再结合前文中提到的每家都有电视机,外加一点基本的常识,我们很容易就可以推断出antenna就是“电视天线”。

4.相关信息

相关信息参照方式就是通过对上下文提供的信息进行叠加、整理,从而推断出某些生词大致的含义。2000年6月的四级考试有一道阅读理解题要求考生推断出cushions这个词的含义,试卷提供了四个被选答案:[A]adds up to　　　　　[B]does away with[C]lessens the effect of [D]lays the founda-tion for相关的阅读材料如下:Social support cushions stress in a number of ways.First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us knowthat they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened whenwe feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficul-ties. Second, other people often provide us with informa-tional support. They help us to define and understand ourproblems and find solutions to them. Third, we typicallyfind social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet social needswhile at the same time distracting us from our worries andtroubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumentalsupport-financial aid, material resources, and needed ser-vices-that reduces stress by helping us resolve and copewith our problems.(社会资助以几种方式减缓压力。首先,朋友、亲戚和同事可能让我们知道他们重视我们。

尽管我们有缺点和困难,当我们感到被别人接受的时候,我们的自尊就被加强了。其二,他人常给我们提供信息资助。他们帮助我们界定并理解我们的问题并且找到解决问题的方法。其三,我们会特别觉得社会友谊是有支撑作用的。和他人一起从事休闲活动帮助满足我们的社会需求,而与此同时又可以把我们的注意力从担心事和烦心事中转移开。最后,他人也可能给我们一些有用的帮助———财政资助、物资资源以本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。