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- 1936- under People’s Front Billancourt became the core symbol of the worker’s struggle in France, at that time, Renault missed the opportunity to create ‘people car’ in France, before WWII. Vs Italy, Germany and the UK where automakers had understood that if they wanted to survive they would have to make affordable cars for a wilder public. In France, despite government pressure, Renault, Citronen and Peugeot failed to launch ‘people car’
The greatest geopolitical mistake of Louis Renault
- Renault admired Hitler for his economic power. For Renault, Hitler had built a major road network to stimulate the automobile industry in Germany. Renault believed that France and Germany should unite to face up to the economy. So when War was declared, Sep. 1939, under occupation of Paris, Renault repaired French tanks taken by Germans, without stopping activities of his Billancourt plants. Renault did not understand the geopolitical shape that history was taking. When Paris was liberated in Aug. 1944, Renault was jailed for ‘trading with enemy’. And he died in Oc. 1945 in prison.
- 1945- company Renault became a state-owned company and no compensation was paid.
- This political decision was taken by the government led by General de Gaulle, with wing left parties in France.
- The nationalization of Renault is emblematic of the nationalization program launched in France after the Second World War.

In 1945, France enters into a period of Post-War reconstruction, called ‘Thirty Glorious Years’(1944-1974)
(can be your paper topic)
- This term was proposed by the French economist Jean Fourastie.
- Basic definition
Exceptional recovery and growth (6% per year); The ‘invisible revolution’: in time of one generation, metamorphosed not only the French economy, but also day-to-day habits & lifestyle.
After the WWII, France was devastated
- Black market was prosperous
- Essential foodstuffs rationed
- Foreign trade reducing to nothing
- Any train didn’t across the French longest river – la Loire! France was at that time almost an autarky county.
- In 1945, in France the standard of living (basic definition of standard of living: the economic component of people welfare measured by consumption per head’)
- The French Recovery during ’Thirty Glorious Year’ was drastic for 6 principal reasons
1. Team Spirit (Consensus Atmosphere) around the basic idea of democracy, freedom, demonic growth. On paper, France was among the ‘winners’ of the WWII. But in fact, France had a feeling of humiliation. French people was hungered for revenge in a democratic way.
2. Welfare State During ‘Thirty Glorious Years’, France profits successfully from its traditional Welfare State in the following areas:
Price control
Exchange control
Wage’s control
Minimum basic wage ‘SMIC’
Example:
 The government introduced, 1947, planning system for defining the general outlines of its economic policy.
 All key sectors of the French economy were nationlised:
Energy
Gas
Air transport
Rail transport
Saving bank
Insurance
Automobile
 Some subsidiaries were nationalized, but the principal aim of these nationalizations in France ,during the ‘Thirty Glorious Years’, was not economical but political.
3. Banking system was booming
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