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3.1 Information Structure

Information Structure was firstly originated from the Prague school in the 1930sand developed by the Systematic Functional linguist M.A.K. Halliday. About thedefinition, Lambrecht (1994: 2-5) stated that the information structure of a sentence isthe pragmatic organization of information in discourse. Also, Lu (2017: 6) definedinformation structure as the structure composed of various information elements andpresented in the form of information flow.

3.1.1 Basic Concepts of Information Structure

Information Structure mainly includes the following concepts: information units,them and rheme, topic and focus, given and new information, information flow andthematic progression.

1. Information Units

According to the definition above, information structure refers to theorganization of information elements. The elements that are organized into a sentenceare termed as information units by Haliday (1967: 200). He further proposed that thedistribution of information units is optional to the writer/speaker who can decide theinformation arrangement in his/her intention.

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Chapter Four Conclusion

4.1 Summary and Implications

As mentioned before, the lack of relevant knowledge and the translationdifficulties of the long and complex sentences are the two biggest challenges of thetranslation project. Hence, the translator resorts to network resources and InformationStructure to solve the problems of comprehension and translation difficulties.

Based on the case study in chapter 3, there is no denying that InformationStructure plays an important role in the assistance of dealing with the prepositionalphrase translation, the attributive clause translation and the textual translation. Then,she concludes the following implications of the translation difficulties and thetranslation project.

As for the translation of the prepositional phrase and the attributive clause,whether the translation should follow the original syntactic order or reinvent sentencestructures depends on the information value carried by the prepositional phrase or theattributive clause is higher or lower than that carried by its front information units orthe antecedent. In this way, the translator should identify the given and newinformation, the topic and focus of a sentence to estimate the degree of theinformation value carried by each information unit. What’s more, one of the generalrules of identifying information focus is position priority: end-focus. Besides, it alsoincludes negation focus, all-included indicators, the superlative of adjectives, etc.Therefore, based on the analysis of information focus and value, if the prepositionalphrase or the attributive clause carries higher information value, the translation shouldadopt the translation technique of “following the original syntactic order” and split theprepositional phrase or the attributive clause from the main clause. Oppositely, if theprepositional ph本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。