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cationalist introduced 'developmental tasks' that characterise six development life stages from infancy and early childhood to later maturity. Another interesting theory of development was coined by Erik Erikson, popularly knows as 'Psychosocial Development'. The main element of his theory emphasis psychosocial process, that development is subject to internal psychological factors and external social factors. This theory looks at eight stages of human life also knows as 'eight ages of man'. According to Sugarman (2004), Erikson theory centre specific issues to resolve by an individual at given stage before moving to the higher stages per below table.

Approximate age
Issues centre around
Important Event in Life
0 - 1 year
Trust
Feeding
1 - 6 years
Autonomy
Toilet training
6 - 10 years
Purpose
Independence
10 - 14 years
Competence
School
14 - 20 years
Identity
Peer relationship
20 - 35 years
Intimacy
Love relationship
35 - 65 years
Generativity
Parenting/Mentoring
65 years above
Integrity

Reflection and acceptance of one's life

Development is influenced by heredity

Each of us begin life at the moment of conception and hereditary traits are passed from parent to offspring through strings of microscopically small particles knows as genes. Therefore we are different from each other and development of individual is contributed largely by hereditary. According to Blackburn (2000), hereditary traits are transmitted by dominant genes over the weaker ones; an example of a disease that can be transmitted through hereditary is Diabetes.

Development is influence by environment

There is no denying; environment plays a very big role in human development process. Environment in this context covers social setting, cultural setting and language setting. Vygotsky's believed that human activities take place in cultural settings and has a great influence on cognitive development. Vytosky assumed that cultural development appears twice, first on social level (interpsychological) and later on individual level (intrapsychological). For example an Indian child who is born in United States will have different perspective of things compare to an Indian child born in India due to differences in culture and social settings.

Indeed, Piaget's theory of cognitive development to certain extent has helped teachers to design or tailor made teaching materials to suit learner's level of cognitive development but there are others factors too determine effectiveness of learning such as students readiness or motivation level. Piaget proposed theory can be divided into four stages: Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete operational and Formal operational. Piaget emphasised more of the biological maturation of cognitive abilities for each stages. In order for us to understand better, Piaget stage development theory, we need to look closely at changes that happen in various stages proposed by Piaget.

Sensorimotor stage

The earliest period is called the sensorimotor and begins from birth to two years old. According to Richardson K (本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。