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Chapter 3 Translation Process ................. 7

3.1 Pre-translation Preparations ........................ 7

3.2 While-translation Process ....................... 7

3.3 Post-translation Proofreading ........................... 8

Chapter 4 Case Analysis ................................. 9

4.1 Level Shifts in IT Translation ............................... 9

4.1.1 Shifts of Terminology .................................. 9

4.1.2 Shifts from Grammar to Words ............. 10

Chapter 5 Conclusion ................................... 24

5.1 Major Findings....................................... 24

5.2 Limitations ................................ 25

Chapter 4  Case Analysis

4.1 Level Shifts in IT Translation

Level shifts mainly occur between grammar and vocabulary (Fang, 2004). When the expression of tense, semantic plural, and mood can’t be expressed by corresponding grammar (Fang, 2013), some words, such as quantifiers, auxiliary words, and adverbs in Chinese, are added to express the meaning of plural or different changes in time stage, which is the shifts from grammar to vocabulary. And this section mainly involves shifts in terminology and shifts from grammar to words.

4.1.1 Shifts of Terminology

Terminology in the IT industry is different from that of other fields. Some terminology in the translation should be shifted to comply with the tone or the feature of the full paragraph or the text. 

Example 1: 

Source text: Intel

Target text: 英特尔

Analysis: The word “Intel” is translated into “(军事)情报;信息” in the dictionary. However, the translator gives up using its original meaning since this word has been used for a long time to refer to an IT corporation or a kind of brand of CPU. Therefore, the translator searches the Internet and considers it better to translate it into “英特尔” due to the accustomed usage. We come to notice that there is no equivalent meaning in Chinese in translating the word, so transliteration occurs, which is the level shifts that matter.

Chapter 5  Conclusion

5.1 Major Findings

The major findings of the project lie in the following. 

Firstly, Catford’s Translation Shifts Theory focuses on meaning and content at the expense of formal equivalence, which merely meets the criterion that “content is more important than form” (Newmark, 2001) in IT text translation. Actually, translation shifts are often taken as the most basic method in translation practice, “without shifts, there is no translation.” (Yue, 1998) However, this shift mode only discusses the level below the sentence and fails to involve the level of paragraphs and texts. In this translation practice report, the translator finds out that discourse shifts are essential in translation practice to achieve the harmony and coherence of the entire text. Consequently, the translator tries to add discourse shifts in an attempt to enrich the translation shifts the本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。