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;The  majority  of  V-ing  forms  have  been  classified  into  noun  and adjective category, and the others have been changed into the minor category, such as preposition,  conjunction  and  adverb.  Moreover,  about  7.78%  entries  for  V-ing  forms even  belong  to  multi-category  membership.  That  is  to  say,  changes  occur  to  some V-ing forms. The results testified the assumption of language as a CAS that language is a dynamic and adaptive system and linguistic structures are emergent from specific usage. Linguists ought to attach more importance to real language use, since language rules are emergent from specific language usage.  Secondly, usage frequency plays a crucial role in the lexicalization of V-ing forms. High frequency lays foundation for usage pattern, and specific patterns of use can be considered  as  contributors  to  change  and  as  indicators  of  linguistic  representations. Besides,  we  can  conclude  that  lexicalization  of  V-ing  forms  is  not  independent  of social  culture  and  human  cognition  but  interwoven  with  one  another.  Language  is  a mirror of culture, and cultural changes can be inflected in the language system timely. Language  change  cannot  do  without  cognitive  processing.  However,  there  are similarities  between  different  individual’s  human  cognition  and  the  scope  and  range of  language  changes  is  limited  by  these  similarities.  And  linguistic  interactions  are constrained by social networks.  
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