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《探讨新闻英语的词汇特点》——新闻英语论文发表

摘要: 报刊英语具有鲜明时代特征和创新性, 反映出英语词汇的最新发展变化。作为一种特殊文体, 新闻英语在词汇的选用方面别具一格。文章通过新闻英语实例, 探讨了新闻英语词汇的几个主要特点。

关键词:新闻英语 词汇特色

新闻报道的主要职能是及时地将有价值的事件在有限的时间和版面内及时报道出来。英语报刊从词语的选用到全篇内容的叙述都体现了新闻报道惯有的简洁、新颖的特点,其词汇特色主要体现在以下几个方面。

1 简洁通俗新颖、通俗、精炼是新闻英语用词的首要原则。再则,出于排版的需要,记者和编辑尤其喜欢使用短小精悍、确切达意,形象生动的单音节词。如标题中“调查”一般多用probe,少用investigation“; 协议”多用pact取代agreement“; 爆炸”常用blast等。例1:Call for probe into US bankingpractices.(Financial Times,Mar.21,2010)例2:Twists and Turns on Way toArms Pact with Russia.(The New York Times,Mar.26,2010)例3:Blast Traps New Zealand CoalMiners.(The New York Times,Nov.19, 2010)

2 借用专有名词新闻报道中经常借用人名、地名、物名等专有名词来表示某一意思,例如用首都名称代表某国政府,用建筑物的名称代表有关的组织机构,既生动形象又便于理解,这也是新闻英语的一大特点。例4:Between 1994 and 1999, if Blairhad announced he was going for a shortwalk around the garden of No.10, theworld would have hailed a revolution intransport policy.(NEWSTATESMAN,July 30,2009)此处“ No.10”代指唐宁街10号,即“ 英国首相官邸”。例5:Big Banks Paid Billions in BonusesAmid Wall St.Crisis.(The New York Times,July 31,2009)标题中的“Wall St.”(华尔街)代指“美国金融界”。

3 简缩词语繁多近年来,英语缩略语大量涌现,一些耳熟能详的缩略语经常出现在英文报刊上,特别是组织机构简称。在新闻报道中,通常是标题上用缩写词而在正文中第一次用全称,此后都用标题上的缩写词。例6:A.I.G. Seeks U.S. Support forBonuses.Seeking to avoid the public furor thaterupted last spring, the American InternationalGroup has been quietly seekingapproval from the new federal compensationczar to pay a total of $2.4 milliondollars in bonuses to dozens of its seniorexecutives⋯ A.I.G. executives want tomake sure that Mr. Feinberg is comfortablewith the company’s compensationprogram and hoped to work with him toaddress any shortfalls, according to a personbriefed on the situation.(The New York Times, July 10,2009)

4 创造新词语报刊英语语言生动、鲜活,一些最新的语言现象和词汇往往首先出现在报刊上,如“ 水门事件”(Watergate)之后,以-gate结尾的新造词用来以类指任何性质和形式的丑闻。例7:THE BBC says ABC chairmanMaurice Newman was wrong to criticiseBBC climate journalist Paul Hudson, whoMr Newman alleged sat on emails relatedto the so-called Climategate affair.(The Australian,Mar.12,2010)信息技术发展的革命,也使得新词语大量涌现,如cybercash(电子货币);cybercrime(电脑犯罪);cyberculture(网络文化);netizen(网民);e-waste(电子垃圾)等。一些时髦的新词语作为不同时代的文化现象,已经成为人们日常用语,如bioengineering(生物工程);deglobalisation(去全球化)等。例8:The economic meltdown haspopularised a new term: deglobalisation.(The Economist,Feb.19,2009)

5 掺用外来词报刊词汇的另一显著特色就是经常在涉及国外事物或为更确切表达某词语的内涵,新闻报道中常会掺用一些外来词,既新颖别致,具有浓厚的异域情调,又显得真实贴切,激发读者好奇感和阅读兴趣。例9:Their earlier idée fixe that penthouses and villas were where the glamourand margins lay has given way to the realitythat the market for such products is extremelylimited.(NEWSWEEK,Aug.31,2009)句中idée fixe为法语“成见,固定观念”的意思。例10:Accused of being a foreign-policydove during the 2008 presidential campaign,Mr. Obama is establishing his bona fideson national security.(The Christian Science Monitor,Aug.8,2009)此句中“bona fides”是拉丁语,意为“善意”。

6 市井俚语频现英语新闻用词的另一个显著特征就是使用大量的和时事紧密相连的俗语和俚语,既迎合了社会各阶层的口味,生动诙谐,通俗易懂,又丰富了语言色彩,简练贴切,增强可读性。例11:SO CIG OF CRUNCH.Recession has Shameless effect as fagsales rocket.Broke Brits continue to be draggeddown by the credit crunch - turning tobooze and fags to beat the recession blues.⋯And in a desperate bid to save cashon weekly bills, hard-up families are ditchinghealthy fruit ’n’ veg and gorging oncheap junk food instead. (News of the World, Aug.16,2009)标题中的cig(香烟)是俚语;副标题中的fag(香烟)是口语词;文中broke(破产的) ,Brit(英国人)和booze(豪饮)均是俗语;ditch(抛开)和fru本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。