英语论文网

Abstract:Moststudents find it difficult to correcterrors in CETBand two and four tests because they aredesigned to test students’abilities in the aspects of grammar, structure, vocabulary and so on. It will behelpful to have a try of the following formulas.

Key Word: tense; voice;agreement; gerund; infinitive; participle; preposition; pronoun; article

英语短文改错,它不但要求,辨认错误,而且还要求改正错误。错误类型不但有语法、词汇错误;还有上下文一致和篇章结构等方面错误;是英语知识的综合运用;是对读写能力的全面考核;所以,令许多学生均感束手无策。笔者根据多年的教学与积累,就短文改错编了一则口诀,借此机会想与广大读者互相交流切磋,助广大考生一臂之力。

口诀短文改错不要怕,记住技巧来解题。通览全文知大意,确定时态放首位。人称和数要一致,主动被动要分清。非谓动词要用对,平行结构须谨慎。句型句式与从句,关联词语是关键。固定结构与短语,常是测试之重点。以上乃为重头戏,实在难改分词性。名词单复修饰语,冠词用法要牢记。形容副词误用多,比较最高须用对。介词常考惯用法,近形似词要区分。单词记忆须准确,拼写错误少不了。画蛇添足请打“\”,的确无误请打“√”。勤学勤练乃上策,熟能生巧乃法宝。一通览全文知大意确定时态放首位多数学生在做改错时,往往读一行改一行,这样对全文主旨与连贯性就缺乏必要的整体了解。所以建议先通览全文,了解大意,敲定时态。例如:一旦你确定这是一篇记叙发生在过去的一件事,那么全文的时态基调就为过去式,马上想到与过去有关的一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时,为本文的正确时态,与之背离的时态,就为错误。

例如:(1)We were driving along a narrowroad when the car stop working.(stopped)(2)Anna didn' t have tome to talk with me when I sawher as she hurried to her office.(was hurrying)https://www.51lunwen.org/sampleenglishpaper/

二人称和数要一致主动被动要分清无论何时,人称和谓语主动在数上要保持一致,若违背这一原则,即为修改之处:并且要密切注意句子主语,理清它与谓语动词的关系是主动或被动。因此,平时必须牢记各种时态、情态动词的被动结构,一些特殊词无被动形式等;牢记主谓一致的各项原则。

例:(1)The newboy or girl in school quickly become one of the class after a fewgames.(becomes)

(2)Books may be keep for four weeks.(kept)

三非谓语动词要用对平行结构须谨慎非谓语动词既是考试中又是短文改错的重头戏。平时,除牢记哪些动词后接动名词或不定式作宾语;介词后接动名词这些基本原则外,须对非谓语动词知识作系统、全面、灵活掌握。近年来,对于由and,but,or,notonly…but also,neither…nor等连接的若干并列成分,从结构上或意义上必须保持一致或对等的平等结构,也成为了改错热点。

例:(1)David and I wantedgo off to find help.(to)

(2)I look forward to hear from you soon.(hearing)

(3)It was kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their house.(drive)四句型句式与从句关联词语是关键在改错时,一定要注意句与句之间的连贯与关系。要学会分清简单句、复合句、并列句等;掌握各类从句的要领意义及用法,记住常用连词的基本概念及特殊用法;固定句式中的连词须牢记。为此关联词常是修改之处。

例:(1)It is a very important exam but I can' t afford to fail it.(and/so)

(2)I live in Beijing,where is the capital of china.(which)

五固定结构与短语常是测试之重点对于固定结构于短语的考查,历来都是短文改错所亲睐的。因为能灵活运用固定结构与短语是教材大纲的根本精神所在。因此,平时一定要注意积累,牢固记忆,以便做短文改错时,一眼识破出题者的意图。

例:

(1)I use to play Pin-pong in my spare time.(used)

(2)Bill smiled and shook^head.(his)

六以上乃为重头戏实在难改分词性上述五点均围绕动词、句型及句式等方面来讨论,如果上述几方面均无错时,不妨从各种词性的特征及用法方面来考虑改错点。七名词单复修饰语名词的单、复数误用,可数与不可数误用,以及用来修饰名词数量的不定代词与名词单复数一不致等,常用名词的改错点。

例:(1)They were eager to knoweverything china and asked me lots of question.(questions)

(2)They had fewfood and never had a moment to rest.(little)

八冠词用法要牢记对于冠词,在改错时,多侧重于惯用法及对冠词的基本用法的考查。因此,平时要牢记各条规则。

(1)Today I visited the Smith-my first visit to a American family.(an)

(2)I always go th school by the bus.(the)九形容副词误用时,比较最高须用对形容词,副词在改造中,常出现该用形容词时,却用了副词;或反之;以及比较级、最高级的概念用错,修饰语用错等现象。