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本文是一篇英语论文提纲，笔者认为西特林男性气质变化的动态过程体现了作者索尔•贝娄对处在转型过渡时期的美国男性塑造理想气质的信心与期待，也象征着美国当代男性在适应时代变迁和发展时的感悟和追求。

Chapter One    Trajectory of Citrine's Masculinity

1.1 Embodiment of Subordinated Masculinity

In the book Masculinities, Connell points out that in the structure of gender relations, homosexual masculinity is at the bottom of the gender order. Homosexual men and those feminized heterosexual men are in a disadvantageous position in all dimensions of gender relations and they are dominated by hegemonic masculinity. From the perspective of hegemonic masculinity, the masculinity constructed by homosexual men and feminine heterosexual men is no different from femininity. This leads to the emergence of subordinated masculinity.

In Humboldt's Gift, Citrine is an American-born Jewish immigrant. When Humboldt was famous in the literary world, he was a student at the University of Wisconsin. With lofty literary ideals, he immediately went to New York as soon as he graduated from university. Citrine visited Humboldt for advice and became his follower. Citrine entered the literary world smoothly under the guidance of Humboldt, and it was in the process of pursuing his dream that Citrine who had just started his career was dominated by Humboldt to a certain extent. And the performance of his feminine characteristics became another manifestation of subordinated masculinity. 

Actually, Citrine was subordinate to the hegemonic masculinity of Humboldt. It is mentioned at the beginning of the novel that “The book of ballads published by Von Humboldt Fleisher in the Thirties was an immediate hit...All the papers reviewed his book. His picture appeared in Time without insult and in Newsweek with praise.” (Bellow, 2007:1). These words directly describe Humboldt's success in career, he was warmly pursued and praised by the public and established his own authority, which reflected the successful construction of his hegemonic masculinity. 

1.2 Manifestation of Hegemonic Masculinity

The concept of hegemony derives from Antonio Gramsci's analysis of class relations, refers to the cultural dynamic by which a group claims and sustains a leading position in social life. At any given time, one form of masculinity rather than others is culturally exalted. According to Connell, hegemonic masculinity is the configuration of gender practice that is the prevailing response to the question of the legitimacy of patriarchy and ensures the dominance of males and the subordination of women. Hegemonic masculinity is considered to be an ideal type of masculinity in a specific cultural circumstance, but not all men can construct hegemonic masculinity, only a small number of individuals from the male group can strictly practice and realize the hegemony. 

In Humboldt's Gift, Citrine became a popular playwright and ushered in an absolutely glorious time in his life after a period of hard struggle. While immersing himself in the success of his career, he was also indulging in material wealth. He has won the recognition and support from within the male community as well as the worship and pursuit of female groups. In addition, he also transformed himself from a henpecked man into a libertine in love, thus demonstrated his own hegemonic masculinity successfully. 

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