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In terms of the selectivity of language,Zoran argues that“language cannot express allaspects of space results in a certain measure of selectivity”(320).Therefore,authors can expresscertain things in a specific or vague way when they create literature.And they will omit someplot.However,when authors make choices about language,they need to be grounded in texttypes.In The Underground Railroad,Whitehead describes the fate of some minor characters in detail.But he depicts and even omits some brutal images and the ultimate fate of the black race.Whitehead presents black racial trauma to readers through a well-detailed choice of language.

2.1.1 Atrocious Slavery:Specific Description

In The Underground Railroad,Whitehead depicts not only the courageous challenge of aweak young girl to the powerful system of slavery but also the tragedy of the entire black race.Whitehead uses a unique writing strategy to meticulously illustrates the daily life and violentexperiences faced by different individual slaves that many works on slavery ignored.In this way,the novel opens up windows of memory that have been overlooked in the grand historicalnarrative.The author can rely on verbal texts to reproduce the whole space,which includes“fabula”and“sujet”.Zoran argues that“the fabula retain their natural arrangement whereas thesujet forces on the motives the verbal order of the text”(320).In novels,different themes can beexpressed through different textual structures.The specific depiction of individual blacktraumatic experiences reflects the full spectrum of black racial trauma.

2.2 Tragic National Fate:Disruption of Linearity

Based on the principle of temporal continuity of language and the composition of spatialinformation in continuous time,Zoran proposes the principle of spatial information segmentation,or“the ordering of spatial units in the text”(321).According to Zoran,the linearity of the text inthe novel can be narrated in the order in which things exist in the actual space or the order ofrelationships such as classification,relationships,and hierarchy of things(321).Readers canknow the narrative direction of the plot through the linearity of the text.In The UndergroundRailroad,the author breaks with the essay’s traditional structure and chooses a nonlinearstructure in which characters and place names commonly compose.The chapters on secondarycharacters pay attention to the racial trauma experienced by the marginalized figures in the blackrace.The chapters on place,on the other hand,highlight the racial issues that exist in theAmerican states and provide locations for racial trauma.The two present traumatic experiencesfor the black race as a whole.

Zoran emphasizes the order in which information is presented in various spaces.Forinstance,“the text supplies information about concrete local items which compose space as wellas about the wider global contexts within which these items are structured”(322).Whiteheaddisrupts the complete storyline through narrative methods such as flashbacks and analepsis.LiGuirong argues that“trauma substance and symptoms are the theoretical basis and source ofthese narrative techniques”(264).A traumatic story about the black race is presented to readersby the nonlinear structure and no本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。