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Though the word“dictionary”bears more particularity in the fields likecomputer science,communication,engineering,mathematics,mathematicalcomputational biology and automation control system in which it means the orderingcombination of lots of atoms which are the elementary components of signal,thedictionary the author intends in this thesis is language dictionary.Therefore,theauthor classifies the topics of dictionary research conducted by foreign scholars in thefields of linguistics and literature as follows.

(1)Dictionary use:This topic mainly discusses people’s skills and abilities ofdictionary use and their training.Tono(2011)applies eye-tracking technologies toanalyse the process of dictionary look-up by learners of English as a foreign languageand to see how look-up behaviour would change in both monolingual and bilingualdictionary interfaces.Campoy-Cubillo(2021)explores new ways to improvedictionary skills for language learners by promoting the use of active dictionaryrubrics.Some other research is carried out in an effort to include dictionary trainingand use in the curriculum.As pointed out by Gouws(2013),training in the dictionaryuse in schools contributes to the development of a social dictionary culture,whichmakes it essential to include dictionary using skills in school syllabi.Along this line,Ali(2017)designs a 15-module dictionary skills course for Sudanese English majorsand compares the ability of students in their use of dictionaries before and afterattending the course.

2.2 Ecological Consciousness Abroad and at Home

The term ecological consciousness is often interchangeably used with otherterms such as ecological awareness,environmental awareness,environmentalconsciousness or environmental concern.Schlegelmilch et al.(1996:38)definesenvironmental awareness as“attitudinal and behavioural components,knowledgeitems that capture individuals’level of factual information about specificenvironmental,ecological or energy-saving behavior”.Likewise,the connotativerequest of ecological consciousness for ecological behaviour is stressed in thedefinition given by Harju-Autti and Kokkinen(2014:178):“EnvironmentalAwareness(EA)is defined here as a state of being aware,having knowledge about,and being conscious of the environment in which people live,which tends toinfluence people’s development and proenvironmental behaviour(PEB)”.In spite ofdifferent adaptations of terms,they all reflect human being’s concern about therelationship between man and nature and the seeking for environmental sustainability.

Chapter Three Theoretical Basis........................21

3.1 Ecolinguistics................................21

3.2 Ecological Discourse Analysis.........................22

3.3 Ecosophy....................................25

Chapter Four Research Design...............................28

4.1 Source of Data...............................28

4.1.1 The Modern Chinese Dictionary.......................28

4.1.2 Animal Vocabulary..................................29

Chapter Five Results and Discussion...........................39

5.1 Results of Data Collection..........................39

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