t produced for any given movement.
A computer program fed the robot random instructions, at the race of 20 per second, to test its flapping abilities. Each instruction told the robot either to do nothing or to move the wings slightly in the various directions.
Feedback from the movement detector let the program work out which sets of instructions were best at producing lift. The most successful ones were paired up and “offspring” sets of instructions were generated by swapping (交换) instructions randomly between successful pairs. These next-generation instructions were then sent to the robot and evaluated before breeding a new generation, and the process was repeated.
1. Which of the following is NOT true of what is mentioned about the winged robot in the second paragraph?
A. The two professors of CUT built the winged robot
B. The two professors of CUT tested whether the winged robot could learn to fly
C. The two professors of CUT programmed the data on how the robot flapped(拍打)its wings
D. The two professors of CUT tried to find out if the robot could fly by itself
2. How did the robot behave at the beginning of the test?
A. It rotated its wings through 90 degrees
B. It twitched(骤然一抽) but gradually gained height
C. It was twitched and broke down
D. It landed not long after the test
3. Which of the following is nearest to Peter Bentley’s view on the winged robot?
A. the winged robot could never really fly
B. the winged robot did not have a motor
C. the winged robot should go through further evolution before it could fly
D. the robot could fly if it were lighter
4. What measured how much lift the robot produced?
A. two vertical rods(杆)
B. a movement detector
C. an elastic (弹性的)band(带子)
D. both B and C
5. What does “the process ”appearing in the last paragraph refer to?
A. pairing up (把...配成对) successful instructions
B. sending instructions to the robot
C. generating new sets of instructions for evaluation
D. all the above
标准答案: C,B,A,B,D
解析:第3篇
Winged(有翼的) robot learns to fly
1. C。 分析:问题问“下面哪项与第2段中关于带有翅膀的机器人的说法不一致?”。既然指定了第2段,因此注意第2段。同时注意比较被选项:被选项都是关于“两个教授对机器人怎样”的话题,因此以two professors of CUT作为答案线索:(第2段)Krister Wolff and Peter Nordin of Chalmers University of Technology (CUT) in Gothenburg, Sweden, built a winged robot and set about (开始)testing whether (是否)it could fly by itself(独自地), without any pre-programmed(预先设定好的) data on what flapping is or how to do it. 该划线结构(含义是“没有对怎样进行翅膀拍打进行编程”)与C矛盾。
2. B。 分析:问题问“在实验的一开始机器人的行为是怎样的?做了什么动作?”利用问题句中的特征结构“at the beginning of the test”作为答案线索, 并注意被选择项中B和C都涉及到了twitch, 所以在文章中首先注意该词(首先重点注意B和C),这样发现答案相关句:To begin with(与at the beginning of the test呼应), the robot just twitched and jerked(猛抽) erratically(不稳定地). But gradually, it made做出了 movements that gain(增加) height. (该句的含义与B的含义一致:首先是骤然一抽,然后逐渐升起)
3. A 分析:问题句说“下列哪项最接近Peter Bentley关于有翅膀的机器人的看法?”,利用题干中的特征词Peter Bentley作为答案线索,这样发现答案相关句:
“This tells us that this kind of evolution(进化发展) is capable of (有可能)coming up with (随着..而出现)flying motion(运动),” says Peter Bentley, who works on (致力于..)evolutionary computing at University College London. But while the robot had worked out(计算出) how best to produce lift, it was not about to take off(起飞). “There’s only so much that evolution can do, ” Bentley says. “This thing is never going to fly (与A一致)because the motors will never hav
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