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riteria hadto be met before the diagnosis could be made, but not necessarily onthe same blood sample. A diagnosis ofTTPwas given to patientswhomet these laboratory criteria and developed new neurologicalsymptoms and signs. One patient was included as having developedHUS despite a minimum platelet count of 228×109/L (on death).He had bloody diarrhoea, an association with an implicated foodsource, acute renal failure, the criteria for red-cell haemolysis, and afalling platelet count.In the assessment of premorbid illness, medical historiesincluded as relevant were ischaemic heart disease, cardiac failure,hypertention, cerebrovascular disease, renal disease, diabetes, andimmunosuppression. Pulmonary oedemawas diagnosed on clinical andradiological evidence.TPE was performed at three centres with three Cobe SpectraApheresis Systems (Cobe Laboratories Ltd, Gloucester, UK) and aBaxter Fenwal CS-3000 Plus Cell Separator (Baxter Healthcare,Newberry, UK). Plasma was exchanged with 2.0~2.4 Lfresh frozenplasma or cryosupernatant in refractory patients. The anticoagulantused was ACD-A. A combination of central and peripheral venousaccess was used. Intravenous hydrocortisone was given with eachexchange. Intravenous prostacyclin was also given to cases receivingTPE, at doses between 40 mg/h and 200 mg/h, where tolerated. Datawere analysed by means of SPSS(version 7.5).

 

3　结果(Results)
结果部分是指作者在实验过程中对实验所获得的结果进行客观的评述,也可以说是对实验结果作出归纳。而且结果部分只是系统地介绍与主题研究紧密相关的数据,例如,显著的差异性,P值等,其结果部分是对过去的实验作出归纳概述,在时态上通常运用一般过去时。举例:ResultsThere were 262 cases ofE coliO157 infection in theLanarkshire area: 200 confirmed cases and 62 probable cases. Themedian age of all affected was 53 years, but there were highernumbers at the extremes of age. 47% (124/262) of infectedindividuals were over 55 years of age. 13(5%) people died. In 10cases death was associated with the systemic complications ofE coliO157 infection.28 (11%) of the Lanarkshire cases ofE coliO157 met thediagnostic criteria forHUS/TTP. Cases met the criteria forHUS/TTPa median of 7 days (range 4~15) after the onset of gastrointestinalsymptoms. A further eight cases had evidence of thromboticmicroangiopathy but did not meet the criteria for HUS/TTP and werenot eligible for TPE. 22 (79%) cases with HUS/TTP were adultsand six (21%) were children. The median age of adults whodeveloped HUS/TTP was 71 years and the median age of children 6years. The demographics, clinical features, treatment, laboratoryresults, and outcome of the adult cases with HUS/TTP are shown intable 1. Blood results are taken from the day that the diagnosticcriteria forHUS/TTP were met, before TPE in cases so treated.Themortality rate in adults with HUS/TTP was 45% (ten of22). Seven of 12 cases aged over 70 years and three of ten aged 70years or less died. Therewere no deaths in children. Necropsiesweredone for all cases who died. Causes of death in patients with HUS/TTPwere acute renal failure secondary to HUS(two cases), cardiacarrest (two cases), intracerebral haemorrhage, cerebral infarction,acute myocardial infarction, multiple organ failure, hepatorenalsyndrome secondary to macronodular cirrhosis and septic shock.TPE was used in 16 of the 22 adult patientswithHUS/TTP. Forpatients treated with TPE later received haemodialysis, because ofdeteriorating renal function. Patients who did not receive TPE wereeither too unwell to tolerate the procedure or died before TPE couldbe carried out.In all 16 cases treated with TPE, the fir本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。