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age learning materials and textbooks, they can help in moulding a more motivating learning settings (Guilloteaux & D枚rnyei,2008).

1.8 Conceptual Framework

Figure I shows how the research is going to work. This research basically focuses on the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation among students in a private university in Malaysia. The study is conducted by adapting an instrument called Academic Motivation Scale (AMS) to test and find out the motivations which drive the English Language undergraduates to acquire English as their second language.

The instrument was developed by Vallerand, Pelletier, Blais, Brierre, Senecal, and Vallieres (1992) and it was the result of a panoptic study done in the realm of self-determination theory. The original AMS consists of 28 items which measures intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation. However, for this study, only intrinsic and extrinsic motivations were taken into consideration. Therefore, the four items related to amotivation were eliminated from the original study.

Responses collected throughout this study via interviews and surveys were collected and analyzed to answer both the research questions and to reach to a conclusion.

Findings and Conclusion

Self- Determination Theory Deci & Ryan (1985)
Deci & Ryan (1985)
Academic Motivation Scale

Vallerand et al. (1992)

Research Question 2: Are there any differences between the English Language students from Year 1, Year 2 and Year 3 in their motivation in learning English as the second language?

Research Question 1: Are the students more intrinsically motivated or are they more extrinsically motivated in acquiring English as their second language?

Deci & Ryan (1985)
Intrinsic Motivation
Deci & Ryan (1985)
Amotivation
Deci & Ryan (1985)
Extrinsic Motivation
Deci & Ryan (1985)
Intrinsic Motivation to know
Deci & Ryan (1985)
Extrinsic Motivation- external regulation
Deci & Ryan (1985)
Intrinsic Motivation toward accomplishments
Deci & Ryan (1985)
Extrinsic Motivation- introjected regulation
Deci & Ryan (1985)
Extrinsic Motivation- identificaton
Deci & Ryan (1985)
Intrinsic Motivation to experience stimulation
Deci & Ryan (1985)

Figure I. Conceptual framework of the research

1.9 Definition of Key Terms

Motivation

According to Melendy (2008) the word 'motivation' comes from the Latin word 'movere'which means 'to move' and thus suggested that motivation is a process which begins from a need which then triggers a conduct that will move a person towards attaining a goal.

Intrinsic motivation

Intrinsic motivation refers to the motivation to be involved in a certain activity because it is something that is pleasurable and fulfilling to do (Noels, Pelletier, Clement, & Vallerand, 2000).

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