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失序和复序——《赛姆勒先生的行星》中主人公伦理身份和伦理选择研究

论文作者:留学生论文论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2021-01-28编辑:vicky点击率:4799

论文字数:32333论文编号:org202101171019054399语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:$ 66

关键词:英美文学论文伦理身份伦理选择伦理环境

摘要:本文是一篇英美文学论文,索尔·贝娄是美国社会和文化的敏锐观察者。诺贝尔文学奖于1976年承认他为“人类对当代文化的理解和分析结合在他的作品中”(博兹302)。

本文在Sammler先生《星球》通过主人公的视角,描绘了20世纪60年代美国社会的状况和人类的生存状态细节先生萨姆勒对20世纪60年代美国伦理环境的细致观察和深刻反思,与其伦理道德的特殊性密不可分。聂教授认为“伦理认同是评价道德行为和道德伦理的前提,它制约着道德行为的主体”(264)。萨姆勒的多重伦理身份对他对人类生存出路的伦理选择的影响是本文的主要论点。

CHAPTER ONE ETHICALIDENDITIES OF MR. SAMMLER INDIFFERENT ETHICALENVIRONMENTS


1.1 In the1920s and 1930s:ABritish Intellectual in Britain

According to Ethical Literary Criticism, ethical identity includes all identities of human beings since identity is the unique human trait and ethical identity can bedivided into two kinds: one is innately consanguineous identity determined by the tiesof blood, and the other is the identity acquired after the day of birth, such as theidentities acquired on the basis of ethical relationship, social relationship, moral rule,occupation and so on. And Professor Nie holds the view that, “ human identity is theresult of self-selection from the origin” (Nie 263), and in the long history of humancivilization, human beings have completed two self-selections: natural selection andethical selection. Natural selection formally solves the problem of human identity,which distinguishes humans from beasts in appearance. And then, ethical selectionsolves the problem of human identity from the perspective of ethics. Not only musthumans and beasts be essentially distinguished from each other, but human identitymust also be confirmed in terms of responsibility, obligation, and morality. “Literaryworks solve the problem of human identity by describing how people make their ownselections” (Nie 263). In the process of continuous self-selection, Sammler hasacquired multiple ethical identities in different periods of time and in different ethicalenvironments. And Sammler bears the responsibility, obligation and suffering broughtby different identities.
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1.2 In the 1940s:AVictim and Survivor of Jewish Holocaust in Poland

The lovely, orderly and peaceful twenties and thirties passed, and with them thechaotic forties. In 1939, Second World War broke out in full force. Along with it, theNazis’persecution of the Jews also entered a new phase, and its cruelty was appalling.Ethical order was totally lost in the war. A peaceful society ruled by law no longer existed. A tender and harmonious ethical relationships between men and men, menand society, and men and nature was completely gone. The loss of ethical order bringsnothing but disaster to human beings. After the outbreak of World War II, Adolf Hitlerestablished death camps to secretly implement what he called “the final solution ofthe Jewish question.” “In one operation alone, over thirty thousand Jews were killedat Babi Yar (Ukr. Babyn Yar), outside Kiev. In all, some 1.7 million Jews were shot todeath in Soviet Europe in 1941-42... It is estimated that from 15 to 20 million peoplewere imprisoned or died at these sites. By the end of the war some six million Jewshad been systematically murdered.” (“Holocaust” 1-2). During the Jewish Holocaust,the Germans brought endless disaster and death to the Jews. It could be said that theJewish Holocaust is the highest manifestation of ethical and moral decay and anoverwhelming of evil. The ethical environment of the 1940s could not be described aschaos alone, but a catastrophe of human existence. “Before 1939 Sammler couldrecall no such heaviness and darkness” (Bellow 93). And such heaviness and darknessis exactly the论文英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写英语论文代写代写论文代写英语论文代写留学生论文代写英文论文留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。

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