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they can. It fits them out for a successful interaction in their own culture and society, where good and bad, right and wrong, normal and abnormal are defined. Philip Harris and Robert Moran (1991) observe that culture gives people a sense of who they are, of belonging, of how they should behave and what they should be doing. Therefore, culture dictates what groups of people pay attention to. It guides how the world is conceived, how the self is experienced and how life itself is organized. Members of an ethnic group share patterns that enable them to see the same things in the same way and this particular aspect make possible that people holds together. Lucklessly, children from different societies are been given a different set of instructions, although equally valid on their own medium. As people grow up, these taught-and-learned experiences become our core beliefs, which we defined almost impossible to abandon. Therefore, culture is relative. That means that people in different cultures perceive the world differently and have different ways of doing things, and there is no standards for considering one group as intrinsically superior or inferior to any other, in other words, each culture perceive the world and react differently.

 

Keesing (1974) suggests that our cultures provides us with internal models of reality and implicit theories of the game being played in our societies, whereas Olsen (1978) points out that as people communicate the meanings of their actions to each other and work out shared interpretations of activities and definitions of situations, they develop a common culture that is shared by the participants, providing them with interpretations of social life, role expectations, social norms and common definitions of situations.

 

Variations of culture

There are six basic dimensions to describe the cultural orientations of societies, according to Kluckhohn (1961): peoples' qualities as individuals, their relationship to nature and the world, their relationship to other people, their primary type of activity, and their orientation in space and time. These six dimensions answer the questions: Who am I? How do I see the world? How do I relate to other people? What do I do? How do I use space and time? Each orientation reflects a value and each value has behavioural and attitudinal implications.

 

According to Hall (1976), culture is often compared to an iceberg because much of it lies beneath the surface, out of our immediate awareness and an extended variety of cultures can be seen in the present situation and there are many reasons for that, such as major impact of forces of nature and force of humans. Forces of nature can be explained by the adaptation of a society to new natural environments which leads them to seek new cultural solutions.

 

What is the nature of the individual: good or evil? According to Haru Yamada (1997), Americans traditionally see people as a mixture of g本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。