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对比探讨中外英语写作中的立场副词及其主要特点
本研究的意义如下：首先，揭示了中国英语学术写作中立场副词使用特征，丰富了我国学术英语研究,并且对ESP和EAP教学有一定的贡献。其次，本研究对二语教学有一定的贡献，英语教学应该更加关注词的搭配序列及其语境意义。英语词汇教学要更紧密地将立场副词的句法形式，搭配序列和语境意义联系起来，这将有助于英语学习者输出更贴切更自然的表达。
Introduction
The ways which writers and speakers express their opinions have long been considered to be an important feature of language.Over the last few years,scholars have become increasingly interested in the linguistic devices used by speakers and writers to convey their personal feelings,attitude,value judgments,and Assessments.Such researches have been done under several different labels,such as modality(Halliday,1985;Perkins,1983;Palmer,1986,1990),hedging(Hyland,1998),evaluation(HunstonandThompson,2001),appraisal(Martin,2000),evidentiality(Mushin,2001)or evidentials (Ifantidou,2001),and stance(Biber&Conrad,2000).
Biber(1998)thinks that stance refers to the overt expression of an author's or speaker's attitudes,feelings,judgments,or commitment concerning the message.Biber et al.(2000)has mentioned that“It has been well established that stance adverbs attach great importance to expressing stance meaning.They could help the writers and speakers to show their judgment about the reliability,certainty and limitations of the proposition as well as to mark the source of their statements.”And he has demonstrated that comparing with the other syntactic realizations of stance marker such as adverb,adjectives and verbs, nouns stance marker is a very common category in different registers,including academic writing.
Few studies have been found so far to be the study of how Chinese writers use stance adverbs to express stance in their academic writing.Scholars are increasingly paying attention to the academic research texts.Unfortunately few studies have been found at home directly focused on the scientific academic research texts so far.Researches on theuse of stance adverbs in scholarly texts in China is far scarcer.The present study is to investigate the features of stance adverbs in the academic writing on the discipline mechinical engineering of Chinese writers.
1 Literature Review
1.1 Theoretical Review of Stance and Stance Adverbial
1.1.1 Definitions of Stance
The term stance has been defined and discussed in different investigations.Biber& Finegan(1988,1989)defines stance as“the lexical and grammatical expression of attitudes,feelings,judgments,or commitment concerning of the message,including the indication of the message.”Ochs(1990,1996)specifies stance as one of four dimensions that she has discussed in considering the relation between language and culture.She defines stance as“a socially recognized disposition that includes both epistemic stance,a socially recognized way of  knowing a proposition,such as direct and indirect knowledge,degrees of certainty andspecificity,;from affective stance:a socially recognized feeling,attitude,mood or degree of emotional intensity.”

Reference
[1]Aijmer,K.(1986).Why is actually so popular in spoken English?In G.Tottie,&I. Backlund(Eds.),English in speech and writing:A symposium(pp.119-129)[M].Uppsala:Almqvistand Wiksell International and intellectual traditions.Norwood:N.J. Ablex.
[2]Ballard,N.,&Clanchy,J.(1991).Assessment by misconception:Cultural influences and intellectual traditions[M].Norwood:N.J.:Ablex.
[3]Biber,D(2006). https://www.51lunwen.org/sampleenglishpaper/    Stance in spoken and written university registers[J].Journal of English for Academic Purposes,5,97-本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。