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Chapter Two Literature Review

2.1 Translation and Studies of Technical Specification

Nowadays, there is a great demand in the translation of the technical specifications.Though the relevant study is a narrow field, it plays an important role in facilitating themanagement of overseas enterprises. In this part, the author attempts to offer a definition oftechnical specification, discuss the translation and studies of technical specification.

2.1.1 Definition of Technical Specification

The website militaryfactory.com has defined the technical specification in this way: Atechnical specification is a detailed description of technical requirements, usually withspecific acceptance criteria, stated in terms suitable to form the basis for the actual designdevelopment and production processes of an item having the qualities specified in theoperational characteristics. Gary Blake (1993) describes the technical specification as that: inengineering, manufacturing, and business, it is vital for suppliers, purchasers, and users ofmaterials, products, or services to understand and agree upon all requirements. According tothe website (The Free Dictionary): A specification is a type of a standard which is oftenreferenced by a contract or procurement document. It provides the necessary details about thespecific requirements. The Business Dictionary defines the technical specifications as follows:express the level of performance of the individual units, and are subdivided into (a) individualunit specifications which state boundaries (parameters) of the unit's performance consisting ofa nominal (desired or mandated) value and tolerance (allowable departure from the nominalvalue, (b) acceptable quality level which states limits that are to be satisfied by most of theunits, but a certain percentage of the units is allowed to exceed those limits, and (c) distribution specifications which define an acceptable statistical distribution (in terms of meandeviation and standard Deviation) for each unit, and are used by a producer to monitor itsproduction processes.

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2.2 Theories of Textual Type

Theories of textual type are conducive to the research on the characteristics of each typeof texts and their translation methods. In this part, the theories of textual type and theirapplication in the study will be introduced.

2.2.1 Development of Theories of Textual Type

From the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, research on theclassification of translation materials and related translation strategies emerged. Manyscholars proposed their views on textual types. W. E. Suskind divides translation into twocategories: practical translation and literary translation. Elsa Tabernig de Pucciarelli dividestranslation into three categories: translation of scientific literature, translation of philosophicalliterature, and translation of literary works. Peter Brang also divides the source text into threecategories, namely: news, business documents, official documents and scientific texts;political texts; literary texts. Karl Thieme divides texts into religious texts, literary texts,official texts, and commercial texts. George Mounin divides texts into seven categories:religious texts, literary texts, poetic text本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。