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摘要：本文是一篇英语翻译论文，在这次翻译实践中，译者在《纽约客》中翻译了传记文本《生活证明》，并完成了翻译任务。括号在所选文本中多次使用，并与各种函数一起使用。括号的特殊结构给翻译带来了许多挑战。根据这些括号的不同功能，译者将活证中的括号分为四类：具有语义功能的括号、具有证据功能的括号、具有衔接功能的括号和具有修饰功能的括号。

3 Case Analysis................................6

3.1 Theoretical Framework...........................................6

3.1.1 Introduction to Skopos Theory....................................6

3.1.2 Application of Skopos Theory..........................................7

4 Conclusion................................24

4.1 Major Findings...............................24

4.2 Limitations of the study......................25

4.3 Suggestions................................26

3 Case Analysis

3.1 Theoretical Framework

Based on the purpose of translation and the features of the source text, the Hans. J Vermeer’s Skopos theory is applied as the guidance of translation.

3.1.1 Introduction to Skopos Theory

Skopos theory was proposed by German functionalist translation theorist Hans Vermeer. In the 1970s, Katharina Reiss proposed the functional text-type theory and translation criticism theory and identified text functionality as a criterion for translation criticism. Reiss’s study has paved the way for the proposal of Skopos theory. Besides, Skopos theory is stated as “prime principle determining any translation process is the purpose of the overall translation action” (Nord, 2001, p.27). In Groundwork for A General Theory of Translation, Vermeer formally put forward Skopos theory. Reiss and Vermeer both hold the view that the Skopos theory is the core of the functional translation theory and it is the first-rate rule for any translation. (Reiss & Vermeer, 1984, p. 101). In Skopos theory, translation is a cross-cultural communicative activity with a clear purpose.

The three rules of the Skopos theory are Skopos rule, coherence rule and fidelity rule. According to the Skopos rule, translation is determined by the intended purpose and function of the translation. In the process of translation, it’s necessary for translator to understand the purpose of the translation. Purpose affects the translator’s choice of translation strategies and methods. “Coherence rule emphasizes that the translation must conform to the situation of the target audience and be understood by the target audience” (Reiss & Vermeer, 1984, p. 113). In other words, the translator should consider the requirement, educational level of the target readers. So the translation should be&n本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。