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imals generate meaning in their intra-actions with humans. As a result, the miserable experience of animal is the mirror images of the natural system since the harm to animals likewise reflects the harm to the environment.

Chapter Three The Symbiosis of Human and Non-human Matter ........... 43

3.1 Symbiosis with Non-human Matter ............................ 43

3.2 Symbiosis with Human Beings .......................... 45

3.3 Symbiosis with “Material Self” .......................... 48

Conclusion .................................... 53

Chapter Three The Symbiosis of Human and Non-human Matter

3.1 Symbiosis with Non-human Matter

In Bodily Nature, Alaimo puts forward a concept of trans-corporeality, which is a concept that “stresses the flow of substances and forces linking bodies and environments” and whose ontological, cognitive, and ethical reverberations arise from an “uncomfortable and perplexing place where the ‘human’ is always already part of an active, often unpredictable, material world” (54). As Alaimo said, human beings are deeply entangled in the complex material world. Matter and energy flows between different bodies, connecting matter to each other. That is, human is not the center of the biosphere, but a part of the entangled materializations. As a result, acknowledging the subjectivity and trans-corporeality of human and non-human agent is significant for the symbiosis with the non-human matter. 

In A Tale for the Time Being, the Japanese government believes that human beings, the spirits of all things, could take natural resources from it at will. The irresponsible disposal of trash into the water and the brutal slaughter of animals are the main causes of environmental degradation. But in the process of the destruction of nature, some humans in the novel gradually realizes that human beings are also part of nature, and their existence in nature is inevitably subject to the laws of nature. Initially, Japanese staff kill forest crows, capture and kill wolves for human benefit. However, the power of nature is strong, so the actions of human beings are retaliated by nature. In the novel, it is recorded that the people surviving in the city are attacked by owls.

Conclusion

In A Tale for the Time Being, Ruth Ozeki stresses the interconnection between human and nonhuman matters, and she criticizes the arrogance of humans who consider themselves as the center of the universe while considering the nonhuman matter as the passive object. Material ecocriticism breaks down the innate notion that matter is a static object which is passively accepted. Instead, nonhuman matter has inherent power and is dynamic force with generative capacity. The thesis argues that the ignorance of the subjectivity of nonhuman matter can cause the existential crisis of human and nonhuman matter. And the thesis argues that the construction of relationship between human and non-human matter demonstrates the subjectivity of matter and challenges anthropocentrism.

In the novel, the author portrays the existential crisis of human and non-nonhuman matter, which is a result of people’s increasing destruction of the environment 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。