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impact of effective motivational strategies in a business environment ready to inflate its operations, but is faced with a challenge of being equipped with very busy managers unable to give time to their team members. [4]

Autocratic Leadership:

Autocratic leadership is one form of transactional leadership. The leader has complete control and power on his team. There is no room for giving any suggestions. The workforce usually does not feel relaxed under such leaders. When subject to autocratic leadership, there non-attendance is high. [4]

Bureaucratic Leadership:

Bureaucratic leaders follow power tactics by the book. They expect their staff to do exactly the same. This style will click in an environment where a lot of procedures and crucial security issues exist. [4]

Charismatic Leadership:

A charismatic leader infuses a lot of energy and interest in the team. But such a leader has more confidence in him rather than the team. This is also a very serious situation for the whole organisation if such a leader quits the organisation. Organisations need long term commitments for such people as they bear great responsibilities. This change would help in the way that the motivation of staff will increase and if their motivation will increase then the effeciency of staff will also be increase. [4]

3.2: Three different motivational theories within the workplace

Maslow's hierarchy of needs:

Abraham Maslow is a humanistic psychologist developed a theory of personality, which is valuable in the field of employee motivation. Fundamentally they believe humans struggle for upper-level capabilities such as creativity and highest level of consciousness. In his view, humans have five needs and if one need is fulfilled they go to the next and motivated by unmet needs in stages. The five desires are physiological desires such as food, water shelter, clothing etc. [5]

Hertszberg's Motivation and Hygiene Theory:

In this theory, there are two sets of needs. They are essential needs and motivational needs. The basic needs can be working conditions, supervision, company policy and administration, salary and interpersonal relationship. That is, if the manager wants to stop the employees doing something, then they must think about hygiene needs.

Expectancy Theory:

According to expectancy theory, people behaviour at work and their goals are not easy. The employee performance at work is based on individual factors such as personality, skill, knowledge, experience, and abilities. The theory suggests even if the individuals have different sets of goals, they can be motivated if they believe their effort leads to performance and performance results in enviable rewards. As well, employees have different expectations and confidence about what they are able of doing. [5]

3.3: Usefulness of motivational theories for managers in TESCOS

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