a Daily were chosen reporting ceremonies in London Olympics. Usually a content analysis in a framing study examines framing devices such as headlines, leads, and closing paragraphs. The rest of the news story is made up pf “core news facts”. Commentary articles were excluded from the analysis.
The unit of analysis was the article. Certain elements of each article were recorded: date, source, tone (favourable, unfavourable, neutral) illustration, frame (economic consequences, ideology, humane care, environmentally-friendly, high-tech, peace and friendship), topic (the main subject of the article or what it is about), headline focal point, and framing approaches.
Due to some objective conditions, there is only one coder in this research, and the coder examined the articles in this census of the online version of The Guardian and China Daily, which totalled 100 items.
Results and discussion
Frames used to frame Beijing Olympic opening ceremony
The study covers a census of 100 total news items, among which most items of China Daily are from Xinhua news agency (76%), which is the state news agency of China, while most items of The Guardian are from Reuters (56%) and Press Association (28%).
The study initially started with four frames but added additional frames such as humane care and peace and friendship. Economic frame, and ideology frame have been discussed in literature review, and they can be applied in most of news reports of major events. The others, such as humane care as well as peace and friendship, which is what the Olympic organisers and the international Olympics committee managed to address.
Not really surprised, only China Daily reported Beijing Olympics ceremony using humane care frame. China Daily described how workers in Bird’s nest are memorised and respected, and it emphasised that the name of every builder was engraved on the pillar of stadium. Actually, part of Beijing Olympics’ slogan is “people’s Olympic” (renwen aoyun). It is not a clear defined concept, and it is not a harbinger to the international community to improve human right condition as understood by some foreign scholars. It can be interpreted as “Olympic game is an opportunity of training Chinese people to adapt to a globalized world, or the mix of Chinese and western culture for respective benefit. The latter perception was also reflected in the official Olympic slogan “One World, One Dream” (tongyige shijie, tongyige mengxiang).
Different from Japan and South Korea, who considered the games as a method to strengthen recognition by the international community, China was urgent to reemphasis the basic Olympic principles and to “promote a harmonization and civilized world”. The Chinese character of “harmony”, which is “和”,has been on display for nearly 3 minutes along with movable type printing. And the Olympic mascots and the presence of the ethnic minorities escorting the national flag at the opening ceremony both present a harmonious message. China’ Daily managed to contribute an image of harmony by both OCT report and adorned report. The report mentioned situations in every region of China, and the particular description of situation in Urumqi could be considered as reemphasising territory with the purpose of building nation image of national unity (minzu tuanjie).
In downtown Shanghai, China's bigges
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