从功能主义角度分析软性法律外宣文本的翻译:问题与方法 [2]
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关键词:汉英翻译软性法律外宣文本对外宣传问题与对策
摘要:本文采用“工具型翻译”策略,在“辅助文本”的帮助下,按照“语用翻译问题”、“文化翻译问题”和“语言翻译问题”的顺序,“由上而下”地解决翻译问题,保证译文能够满足目标受众的信息需求,且译文应符合目标文本所在文化中的文化规约和规范以及语言规则。
ractions.On the other hand, since the end of the chaotic years of the Cultural Revolutionin the late 1970s, China has made enormous achievements in restoring its legal systemand promoting the rule of law. China “has made remarkable progress in introducing afully functioning
civil law system” (Dickinson, 2007): while in the year 1978, whenChina started to implement the policy of reform and opening up to the rest of theworld, China had two laws only, namely, the Constitution of the People’s Republic ofChina and the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China, due to the damagesinflicted on the legal system of China by the chaotic “Cultural Revolution”, a littlemore than three decades later, China has established a fairly well-developed legalsystem on the ruins of a decade of chaos, with the National People’s Congress,China’s top legislature and its standing committee adopting a total of 239 nationallaws, 14 judicial interpretations and decisions related to legal issues (侯瑞丽:2011), tosay nothing of the many local laws, administrative regulations and other legislationsand enactments adopted by local legislatures of the country. With the promulgation ofnew laws and regulations and amendments to existing ones, China “is increasinglygoverned on the basis of publicly promulgated laws”. (Peerenboom, 2003) “Even inthe eyes of its harshest critics, China’s legal system has come a long way in just overtwenty years. Two decades of reform have produced remarkable changes ininstitutions, laws, and practices.” (ibid)However, in spite of the rising profile of China in the world, the phenomenalgrowth in the exchanges between China and the international community, and theleaps and bounds made by China in promoting the rule of law, the legal system ofChina remains unfortunately little known by the rest of the world, and theinternational community’s understanding of China’s legal system is sketchy, to say theleast. As a matter of fact, China was obliged to make a commitment to the WorldTrade Organization (WTO) upon its accession to the international trade regulatorybody in 2001 that it would make transparent to all WTO members its national andlocal laws, administrative regulations and other measures, especially those “pertainingto or affecting trade in goods, services, trade-related aspects of intellectual propertyrights (‘TRIPS’) or the control of foreign exchange”5. To fulfill this obligation, Chinashould make available to all WTO members, upon request, all its trade-related laws,administrative regulations and other measures before such laws, administrativeregulations and measures are implemented or enforced. In addition, China is alsorequired to publish all trade laws and regulations and to provide a reasonable periodfor public comment to the appropriate authorities before they are implemented. Andmost significantly, China should translate all such laws, administrative regulations andestablishing a viable legal order and the exceedingly negative portraits of the legalsystem”. (2002: 560) And given “the Western monopoly of global news services”(Khattak, EA. Waseem; Nasir, Muhammad; Ahmad, Aftab, 2012) and the resultingdominance of “Western viewpoints on world events” (Schenk, Susan & Ahmed,Mohamed), it is not surprising that the outside world’s perception of China, includingits legal system, should be negative and biased.In view of this, it is necessary for China to step up its own efforts to introduceitself, including its legal system, to the rest of
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