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nd water while there is no precise equivalences in Chinese at all, such as “to rest on one’s oars (暂时歇一歇) , to keep one’s head above water (奋力图存) ,to be all at sea (不知所措) and etc..
Another major difference in regional culture between English and Chinese lies in locality and its correspondents. In China,“东风”represents spring and warmth, which revitalizes the life and symbolizes hope and strength, and than the Chinese people like the east wind while “west wind” refers to the wind of autumn suggesting something declining, or something miserable, being taken for a derogatory term in Chinese. However, England lies in the Western Hemisphere, having the oceanic climate. The east wind comes from the northern part of the European Continent; which brings coldness and unpleasantness, so the English resents the east wind, while the “west wind” in England has the same denotation and connotation as “east wind” in China. Let’s have an example to illustrate it. “How many winter days have I seen him, standing blue - nosed in the snow and east wind? (在许多冬日里我总看见他,鼻子冻得发紫,站在飞雪和东风之中)”. Qian Gechuan held that “east wind” ought to be translated as “北风(朔风) 或西风” because of the different regional environment.
Similarly, Chinese believe that the summer day concerns with the intense heat and than there are expressions“赤日炎炎似火烧”,“骄阳似火”. Yet the summertime in Britain is the best season and it brings to people the air of warmth, gentility and brightness, just like the spring-day in China. So Shakespeare in one of his sonnet sings that “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate. (我可否将你比作夏日,你更可爱又更温柔)”.
From the above examples, it can be concluded that although the Chinese sayings and the English ones share the same figurative meanings, they arouse different associations in the two different cultures. Due to the different geographical environment, two people of different nationalities observe things; reflect the objective world not consistently. So it requires translators not to translate word for word by the dictionary explanation or translation.

3.3 Different Modes of Thinking
With regard to modes of thinking, Western culture tends to dissect things into parts and analyze their relationships. On the other hand, Chinese people are likely to synthesize parts and examine the whole. Language inevitably reflects the mode of thinking of certain people.
As for the core value, Western linearity is embodied in the priority given to developing individual potentialities, realizing individual objectives, and seeking individual interests; Chinese circularity is embodied in the importance attached to harmonizing community relationships, actualizing community objectives, and safeguarding community interests. The English words like “individualism”, “ambition” and “idealism” are commendatory terms while the Chinese ones like“个人主义”，“野心” “理想主义”a derogatory terms.
The English people are different from the Chinese in observation perspectives. For the same object, they employ different concepts of generalization and thus the language expressions are not similar. For instance, they have different ideas about the observation and use of color. When we refer to “black tea” in English while it should be translated into Chinese as“红茶”rather than “黑茶”; “brown bread” is “黑面包” not “棕色面包. The color “青” conveys quite different connotations in “青衣” and“青天”; However when they are translated into English as “bl本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。