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Through the study, we will find the effective approach to improving students readingcomprehension skills, and as high school students who are faced with the college entranceexamination, it is significant to popularize the better learning strategies.

Chapter 2 Literature Review

2.1 Input Enhancement Theory

2.1.1 Definition of Input Enhancement theory

The concept of Input Enhancement was introduced by Sharwood Smith in 1991. (Long,M. H. 1990: 24) Originally, It was named “consciousness raising”. Its main purpose is toguide learners to pay attention to language forms without affecting classroom communicationactivities. (Input) to ingest (intake) opportunities to drive the development of intermediaryproficiency of students. Input enhancement includes textual enhancement, input flood,structured input activity, grammar consciousness-raising task (Wu 2012) and cultureenhancement. Based on the research on the origin, development, and operation methods,advantages and disadvantages of the five commonly used enhancement methods by foreignscholars, as we all know, China’s input reinforcement theory and empirical research arerelatively scarce, and it is so urgent and necessary to explore the role of this reinforcementmethod in the domestic context and the impact on learners’ second language acquisition.

Since Krashen’s input hypothesis in the 1990s (VanPattern, B. ＆ Cadierno, T. 1993)began to emphasize the importance of “input” in second language acquisition, the significanceof “input” has become an unquestionable fact in the field of language learning. According tothe input hypothesis, so long as learners receive sufficient intelligible input, they can acquirethe language; explicit grammar teaching is completely unnecessary in the acquisition process.However, the Canadian “immersion learning method” (Harley, B.1992: 2) shows thatalthough learners have received enough comprehensible input, they still cannot use the targetlanguage accurately. Therefore, scholars have begun to realize that input alone is not enough,and have begun to rethink the necessity of reading teaching in language acquisition (Ellis1993: 5), especially how to use formal teaching in comprehensible input to learn the effectiveapproaches of reading. A research devoting to reading acquisition and language teaching haspaid close attention to this field. Sharwood Smith’s input enhancement is the product of thishot spot, and there are quite a lot of theoretical and empirical studies abroad to explore theeffectiveness of input enhancement and present hot trends. This article attempts to summarizethe research on input reinforcement and its related foreign theoretical research and domesticstudy, with a view to playing a role in introducing domestic input reinforcement research andmaking it play an important role in reading teaching.

2.2 Related Studies of Input Enhancement

Ever since input enhancement was applied to teaching field, it has been received withgreat enthusiasm. After the inhalation of this new air, all start to inspect themselves from abrand-new perspective. The effect is improvement and enrichment of their existent theories:traditional controversies settled, dead ends collapsing and new topics cropping up.

2.2.1 Related Studies Abroad

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