In his English-Chinese Translation Course, Professor Wan also suggested that 'literal translation' (in short, that is, translation according to the original text) is the most desirable method of legal translation '(Sun, 2003: 7). Of course, only literal translation can not meet the requirements of translation of all sentence, due to the differences between English and Chinese, often can not copy the syntax of original text, but consider the words and customary expressions of English and Chinese, make the necessary modifications to the translation, in order to achieve the purpose of being close to the original text. Taking achieving the equivalent sentence function as the guidance, highlighting the equivalent effectiveness of sentences, taking into account the form of sentences, in addition to literal translation, legal sentence translation can also use part conversion, adding and reducing words, adjusting the order of words, taking long sentences apart, and other translation skills (Sun, 2003: 7).
4.1 Declarative sentence
Considering the use and translation skills of declarative sentences, the contents of legal documents must be accurate, rigorous, objective and normative, it does not allow the characteristics of the slightest extension, reasoning or expression of feelings, so the legal document uses very positive tone to provide what members should do, or what they should not do, the basic sentence is usually a statement, there is no exclamatory sentence and interrogative sentence. This direct presentation of declarative sentences can make provisions clear at a glance (Lu, 2008: 29).
For example:
The sentence is selected from the 'Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization', which uses the most common sentence structure in legal English- declarative sentences. In response to such a structure, usually, literal translation can achieve equivalence of both content and form, maximizing faithfulness to the original text and achieving the same effect and function.
Translation:
4.2 Complete sentence
Due to the completeness and the strictness of the representations of the structure of legal documents, in the use of legal English sentences, generally, complete sentence with complete subject and predicate will be used, usually omissions are not adopted, so as to avoid the emergence of misunderstanding and ambiguity caused by omissions and incompletion of sentences (Wu and Ren, 2015). For example:
Translation:
The above example is a typical complete sentence, this type of sentences are frequently used in legal instruments of legislative class and judicial class, so the text of the instrument has legal effect, the strict nature is its greatest feature, so in the translation of such sentences, a complete sentence method, literal translation are mainly used to reflect the rigor and standardization of legal language, so at to achieve the translation purposes of effectiveness, functional equivalence. It should be noted that literal translation, of course, is not competent for the translation of all such sentences, it should also be supplemented by other translation techniques such as the need to increase, reduce words to make translation more complete, rigorous and clear, as shown in the following example:
If it is literally translated as “其父母健在,由父母领回;否则由其近亲代领”, there will be a lack of
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