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, which was first proposed in the late 1970s and early 1980s. In 1971, Katharina Reiss came up with some related opinions in her published book Possibilities and Limitations in Translation Criticism. Although Reiss still based her research on the theory of equivalence, she also realized that sometimes it was impossible to achieve equivalence between the original text and the translated text in the realistic context, and sometimes she didn’t even want to establish equivalence, because some translations were designed to achieve the functions or purposes different from those of the original text. In this case, translation should first be carried out according to the function of the translation rather than equivalence, which forms the original form of skopos theory.

Chapter 3 Description of Translation Process ......................... 13

3.1 Before Translation .............................. 13

3.1.1 Familiarity with the Translation Material ....................... 13

3.1.2 Tool Preparation ................................. 14

Chapter 4 Case Study ............................... 20

4.1 Application of Skopos Theory in Lexical Translation ................. 20

4.1.1 Translation of Proper Nouns .................................. 21

4.1.2 Translation of Culture-loaded Words ........................ 26

Chapter 5 Conclusion .................................. 55

5.1 Major Findings of the Translation Practice ................. 55

5.2 Limitations of the Present Study .................................. 56

5.3 Suggestions for Future Study ................................. 56

Chapter 4 Case Study

4.1 Application of Skopos Theory in Lexical Translation

The purpose of the author of the book A Brief History of Ireland is to introduce the Irish history to the readers, while the aim of this translation is to let Chinese readers comprehend the historical information the book provides in an understandable and readable way. Therefore, for a lot of proper nouns and culture-loaded words that carry some hidden information besides the literal meanings in the original text, how to search for some suitable translation strategies to translate them to make the target language readers comprehend the information to the fullest as well as to translate them accurately will be the priority the translator should carefully think about. Target language readers should be able to get what they want after reading the translated text. The information the original text carries should be conveyed to the Chinese readers accurately and objectively. If some mistranslations happen, the Irish history that Chinese readers learn about from this translated text will be a twisted one, which should be an unforgiveable fault for the translator. Based on the above analyses, the translator thus believes that both the skopos rule and the fidelity rule matter a lot for the translation of the proper nouns and culture-loaded words. 

Chapter 5 Conclusion

5.1 Major Findings of the Translation Practice

The translator has gained a more thorough understanding tow本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。