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本文是一篇英语翻译论文，笔者在文本类型理论的指导下，采取了以下翻译方法：1）词汇层面：采用直译法、音译加注法与释义法；2）句法层面：采用合译法、词性转换法、拆句法以及重组法；3）修辞层面：采用减译法、合译法以及释义法。本篇翻译实践报告以期为信息型文本翻译实践提供一定的参考。

Chapter I Description of the Translation Task

1.1 The Background of the Translation Task

With the development of China’s economy and technology, China has earned more worldwide attention in all respects, which makes the cultural background and social landscape in China more and more significant. Under this circumstance, we should try our best to take the responsibility of pushing the process of cultural transmission forward. Politics and education have been two critical projects in Chinese cultural system over the past two thousand years, so we’d better pay attention to both aspects above to get more understanding among the international society. 

The Spirit of Chinese history includes seven speech drafts of Qian Mu in 1950, and there is no published translated version in China yet. The book provides an insight into Chinese history and takes readers through Chinese history and culture, building a complete understanding of the connotation of Chinese culture. The content of the text is full of the knowledge and information about Chinese history, and the language is plain with strong logics.

1.2 Introduction to the Source Text

Qian Mu, a modern Chinese historian and master of Chinese studies, promotes traditional Chinese culture, raises the banner of modern Neo-Confucianism, and has a tremendous impact at home and abroad. He is revered in Chinese academia as a Grand Master. Qian Mu is an expert in history and literature and a diligent writer who writes over seventy books and numerous academic papers throughout his life. He has made many achievements in the field of Chinese culture and Chinese history in general, especially in the history of pre-Qin scholarship, the history of the Qin and Han dynasties, the scriptures of the two Han dynasties, neo-Confucianism, and the history of Qing and modern thought. 

The source text, The Spirit of Chinese History, includes seven speech drafts of Qian Mu. As Mr. Qian says, to know about the future, we must understand what happened in the past. In these speeches, Qian Mu discusses Chinese history in seven aspects, including historical spirits and methods, politics, economy, national defense, education, geography and characters, and moral spirits, by contrasting each topic with that in the West, and provides a new perspective for readers to know about Chinese history. By analyzing Chinese history and Chinese culture, Qian believes that not only China will not fall, but it would also have a bright and great future instead.

Chapter II Translation Process

2.1 Pre-translation Preparation

Pre-translation aims to build a sound foundation for the translation practice by comprehending the source text. To translate the text under the principle of faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance, the translator made the preparation work by understanding the source text, reading relevant books, and collecting relevant knowledge. Besides, the translation task was completed under the guidance of text typology theory, so the translator also analyzed the source text to recognize its text type before translation. 

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