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Skopos theory of functional school translation appeared in the 1970s with its representatives Katharina Reiss, Hans J. Vermeer, Justa Holz-Manttari and Christiane Nord.

As the founder of Skopos Theory of Functional Translation, Reiss believes that the type of text determines the method of translation. Only when a translator has an understanding of the text variety can he make an in-depth analysis of the original text, thus contributing to translation. She sorted the text into three categories according to the function of language: informative (the language itself conveyed information); expressive (the function of language is to express emotions); operative (the effect of language on the receiver).

The second representative of functional translation theory is Vermeer. In 1978, Vermeer first put forward Skopos Theory of translation, which means 'purpose'. It is a theory that applies the concept of Skopos to translation. Skopos theory mainly has five aspects:

(1) Translation is determined by its purpose.

(2) Translation is to provide a kind of information related to the culture and the source language in the target language and target culture.

(3) The information in the target language and the source language text is not completely reversible.

(4) The translation must be coherent within the language.

(5) The translation must be intertextual coherence. Of the above five rules, the first rule is the most important. Based on these basic rules, there are three important rules: the Skopos Rule, the Coherence Rule and the Fidelity Rule. The Skopos Rule takes precedence over other two rules, the rule of Loyalty is subordinate to the rule of Coherence, and they both belong to the rule of Purpose.

3.2 Non-literary Translation Theory

The Theory and Practice of Literary Translation, written by Li Changshuan, is based on functional translation theory and introduces the principles of English writing into English-Chinese translation practice, pointing out that 'translation is writing, but the reference is different. The reference of writing can be direct experience or indirect experience, while the reference of translation is always indirect experience, and direct experience helps to understand... When translating non-literary works, we should follow the principle of plain English' (Li Changshuan, 2004). The book discusses the characteristics of non-literary translation, and puts forward that non-literary translation should have proper methods, clear meaning and plain language.

Non-literary texts refer to practical texts that mainly convey information and pay attention to the effect of information transmission. Such texts have characteristics such as informativeness, immediacy, accuracy, terminology and performance. Among them, the most prominent feature is informativeness. As Newmark said, 'In non-literary texts, the reader usually requires all possible information'. (Newmark, 2001), and the expected function is often hidden behind this informativeness. Therefore, the function of non-literary translation is to communic本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。