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The source text of this paper is extracted from Chapter 11 and Chapter 12 , andthe extra text in Chapter 10 of The Evolution of Language (Cambridge UniversityPress, 2010) written by Professor W. Tecumseh Fitch, an American biologist andcognitive scientist. In recent years, employing the method of comparative analysis,Professor Fitch mainly focuses on the evolution of human and other species’ languagecommunication and cognitive system, as well as the differences between languages.The selected work, The Evolution of Language shows Professor Fitch’s views onlanguage evolution, combing relevant studies of modern linguistics, archaeology andpaleoanthropology to explore the origin and evolution of human languages from anew perspective, namely interdisciplinary perspective in Darwin’s theory ofevolution.

The book includes four parts, in which the first part (Chapter 1-4) mainlyintroduces the biological characteristics of language and related theories. The uniquebiological characteristics of language is emphasized, and Darwin's natural selectionand evolution theory is universal and applicable, so the research is under the guidanceof the New-Darwinian synthesis and other related theories. The second part (Chapter5-7) reviews the history of human evolution and their languages. The evolutionarytime of different biological characteristics is different. The third part (Chapter 8-10)discusses the evolution of speech, exploring the similarities and differences betweenhuman and other biological physiological structures from the perspective of anatomy,and pointing out that human languages originate from nervous system rather thanphysiological structures. The last part (Chapter 11-14) discusses the phylogeneticmodels of protolanguage, gesture prototype language and music prototype language.It is stressed that , with the rapid development of language evolution research, futureresearch will inevitably require interdisciplinary cooperation and biological comparison method based on existing experience and evidence to verify relatedhypotheses. In addition, there is no translation for this work.

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1.2 Text Type of the Source Text

According to Katharina Reiss, a German translation theorist, the most importantfactor to judge a translation is whether it enlarges the main function of the original(Reisse, 2004), at the same time, she stresses the fidelity of the source text (Reisse,2004), hence she suggests to choose translation methods on the basis of text typewhich brings about a more accurate result, to be more specific, the concept oftranslation equivalence should not stay on the micro level of words and sentences, buton the discourse level (Liu, 2019), through which she puts the core of the theory onthe analysis of text type and text function. This provides an idea for our translationpractice, that is, before translating, it is very important for the translator to determinetext types, since different text types determine the translation methods to be used,meanwhile the understanding of text functions helps to analyze the original text, andthen helps t本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。